WTO cites India-EFTA trade deal as model for unilateral market access enforcement
The World Trade Organization has referenced the India-EFTA trade deal in its 2026 World Trade Report as an example of how bilateral agreements can employ unilateral enforcement mechanisms to secure market access outcomes.
According to the WTO, the India-EFTA pact demonstrates a target-based approach to foreign direct investment commitments. Under this structure, India retains the right to unilaterally reimpose tariffs if agreed targets are not met by the other party.
The report underscores how trade agreements operating outside the multilateral trading system can offer innovative solutions tailored to specific market access objectives between nations.
